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1	Author	J.M F G Aerts, A. W. Schram	Requires cookie*
	Title	Isolation of Vacuoles from the Upper Epidermis of Petunia Hybrida Petals I. A Comparison of Isolation Procedures
	Abstract	Vacuoles were isolated from the upper epiderm is o f petals o f Petunia hybrida line R27 using three different procedures. U tilizing the vacuolar localization o f anthocyanin, vacuolar prep arations obtained through polybase treatment, osm otic shock and m echanical forces were com pared on purity, yield and stability. The com parison indicated that application o f the polybase procedure results in the best vacuolar preparations. Vacuoles could be obtained which m ain tained their acidic pH and retained their anthocyanin content.
	Reference	Z. Naturforsch. 40c, 189—1 (1985); received June 26/O ctober 26 1984
	Published	1985
	Keywords	Petunia hybrida, Vacuoles, Protoplasts, Anthocyanins
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	TEI-XML for	default:Reihe_C/40/ZNC-1985-40c-0189.pdf
	Identifier	ZNC-1985-40c-0189
	Volume	40

2	Author	J.M F G Aerts, A. W. Schram	Requires cookie*
	Title	Isolation of Vacuoles from the Upper Epidermis of Petunia Hybrida Petals ü . Vacuolar Localization of Some Hydrolases
	Abstract	In vacuoles isolated from petal upper epiderm is o f Petunia hybrida through polybase-induced lysis o f protoplasts the vacuolar localization o f x-m annosidase and x-galactosidase was dem on strated. N o association was observed between the tonoplast and these hydrolases. Protoplasts from different mutant lines blocked in anthocyanin biosynthesis were treated with DEAE-dextran to release vacuoles. The differences in quality o f the obtained vacuolar preparations indicated the relation between mutant line used and successful application o f the polybase-procedure.
	Reference	Z. Naturforsch. 40c, 196 (1985); received June 26/O ctober 26 1984
	Published	1985
	Keywords	Petunia hybrida, Vacuoles, Anthocyanins, Flavonoids, H ydrolases
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	TEI-XML for	default:Reihe_C/40/ZNC-1985-40c-0196.pdf
	Identifier	ZNC-1985-40c-0196
	Volume	40

3	Author	Friedrich, C. Hristian, B. Aum Ann	Requires cookie*
	Title	A Patch Clamp Study of Tonoplast Electrical Properties in Vacuoles Isolated from Chenopodium rubrum Suspension Cells
	Abstract	-W ilhelm B en tru p , B ernd H offm ann , M aria G o g arten -B o ek els, Jo h a n n P ete r G ogarten The patch clamp technique has been applied to isolated vacuoles from green suspension cells of Chenopodium rubrum to record electrical parameters of the tonoplast. In a symmetrical K* solution of 46 mM, the membrane displays a near zero voltage, whereas 2 mM ATP will hyper-polarize it to 15 or 20 mV (vacuole positive). The conductance amounts to about one S-m~2. Fluctuations of the clamp current are explained by an unknown channel species having opening times of 5 — 10 ms. Together with previous work on a tonoplast vesicle preparation and unpub lished data on vacuoles from our laboratory, the present results indicate an electrogenic mem brane ATPase pumping protons from the cytoplasm to the vacuole.
	Reference	Z. Naturforsch. 40c, 886 (1985); received October 23 1985
	Published	1985
	Keywords	Patch Clamp, Membrane ATPase, Tonoplast, Vacuole, Chenopodium rubrum L
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	TEI-XML for	default:Reihe_C/40/ZNC-1985-40c-0886.pdf
	Identifier	ZNC-1985-40c-0886
	Volume	40