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1	Author	Regina Teschner, Stefan Postius, M. Onika Löffler, Friedhelm Schneider	Requires cookie*
	Title	Cell Proliferation and Metabolism of Ehrlich Ascites Tumor Cells Grown in Chemically Defined Albumin Medium for Several Passages
	Abstract	Cell proliferation, cell cycle distribution, viability, uptake o f ar-aminoisobutytic acid, cyclo leucine and 2-deoxyglucose as well as DNA, RNA and protein synthesis of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells grown in suspension culture over three passages in serum free nutrient medium supplemented with 1 -2 % bovine serum albumin (Cohn fraction V, Serva) were measured and compared to cells grown in medium supplemented with 15% horse serum. At the end of the fourth passage in vitro, that is the third passage in serum free albumin medium, the growth o f the cells is reduced to about 1 0 % of the controls, accumulation of the cells in G 2 is delayed and the number o f dead cells rises to 30%. The transport rates o f a-aminoisobutyric acid and o f 2-deoxyglucose slowly decrease while the up take of cycloleucine shows a more complex behaviour in albumin medium. Incorporation o f thy midine and leucine into the cells corresponds to the growth rate, while the incorporation o f uridi ne in normal as well as in albumin medium exhibits different pattern. The present experiments demonstrate, that it may be possible to preserve this cells in a fairly "physiological" state during two passages in albumin medium.
	Reference	Z. Naturforsch. 35c, 117 (1980); received October 29 1979
	Published	1980
	Keywords	Albumin Medium, Cell Growth, Ehrlich Ascites Tumor Cells, Metabolism
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	TEI-XML for	default:Reihe_C/35/ZNC-1980-35c-0117.pdf
	Identifier	ZNC-1980-35c-0117
	Volume	35

2	Author	Hartm Ut Kayser	Requires cookie*
	Title	Carotenoid Biogenesis in the Stick Insect, Carausius morosus, during a Larval Instar
	Abstract	[14C]/?-Carotene was fed to juvenile stick insects, Carausius morosus, o f the fifth instar. Radio activity was incorporated into 2-hydroxy-, 2-oxo-, and 3,4-didehydro-2-oxo-carotenoids o f the ß,ß-type. These transformations are due to the insect's own capacity; any contribution by microbial symbionts can be ruled out. A study on the labelling kinetics clearly shows that the biogenesis of hydroxy-and oxo-carotenoids is correlated to a decrease in the carotene precursor, but only up to mid instar. Thereafter, oxidation o f the carotene is very low but the transformations of its metabolites continue as before. Predominantly ß,^-carotene-2,2'-diol is dehydrogenated to 3,4,3',4'-tetradehydro-/?,/?-carotene-2,2'-dione via two hydroxyketones. This discontinuous utilization o f /7-carotene could be due to a stop at mid instar either in the oxidation or in the absorption in the gut o f this precursor.
	Reference	Z. Naturforsch. 37c, 13 (1982); received September 11/October 281981
	Published	1982
	Keywords	Carotenoids, Metabolism, [14C]/?-Carotene, Insects, Carausius morosus
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	TEI-XML for	default:Reihe_C/37/ZNC-1982-37c-0013.pdf
	Identifier	ZNC-1982-37c-0013
	Volume	37

3	Author	K.-M Weltring, K. Mackenbrock, W. Barz	Requires cookie*
	Title	Demethylation, Methylation and 3'-Hydroxylation of Isoflavones bv Fusarium Fungi
	Abstract	Several introductionary reactions of isoflavone metabolism by Fusarium fungi are reported. Fu sarium avenaceum hydroxylates formononetin in the 3'-position yielding 3',7-dihydroxy-4'-me-thoxyisoflavone (calycosin). 3'-Hydroxylation o f biochanin A to 3/,5,7-trihydroxy-4/-methoxyiso-flavone (pratensein) has been observed with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. I ini. Depending on the growth medium Fusarium proliferatum metabolises for mononetin either by 7-O-methylation or by 4'-0-demethylation.
	Reference	Z. Naturforsch. 37c, 570—574 (1982); received March 29 1982
	Published	1982
	Keywords	Isoflavones, Fusarium, Methylation, Demethylation, 3'-Hydroxylation, Metabolism
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	TEI-XML for	default:Reihe_C/37/ZNC-1982-37c-0570.pdf
	Identifier	ZNC-1982-37c-0570
	Volume	37

4	Author	T. V. Rao, U. C. Biswal	Requires cookie*
	Title	Isolation and Respiratory A ssay o f Earthworm Body W all M itochondria
	Abstract	Out o f several media tested, KC1 m edium contain ing BSA was found to be most suitable for isolation o f functionally efficient mitochondria from earthworms. Respiration and oxidative phosphorylation in isolated mitochondria are demonstrated in the presence o f cyto chrome c and BSA in reaction medium. Introduction — The details o f the respiratory m etabolism in earthworm are yet to be established. There are only a few contradictory reports on the nature o f its respiratory enzyme components [1], W hile, cytochrome oxidase, suc-cinoxidase, succinate dehydrogenase were identified in earthworm tissue homogenates, the presence o f Kreb's cycle enzymes could not be demonstrated. Very little information is available on earthworm m itochondria except one report where it is isolated in 0.44 M m annitol [2]. Mitochondria from invertebrates like insects and crustaceans are isolated and characterized [3, 4]. But such methods cannot be extended to earthworms as it is known that conditions for isolation and assay o f m itochondria are highly system specific [5].
	Reference	Z. Naturforsch. 39c, 853 (1984); received January 23 1984
	Published	1984
	Keywords	Earthworm Mitochondria, Isolation, Respiratory Assay, Metabolism, Oxidative Phosphorylation
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	TEI-XML for	default:Reihe_C/39/ZNC-1984-39c-0853_n.pdf
	Identifier	ZNC-1984-39c-0853_n
	Volume	39

5	Author	Bernd Schneider, Manfred Stock, Gernot Schneider, HorstRobert Schütte, Klaus Schreiber, Angela Brauner, ErnstUlrich Kaußmann	Requires cookie*
	Title	Metabolism of Amitrole in Apple: I. Soluble Metabolites from Mature Fruits
	Abstract	Mature fruits from apple trees contain residual amounts of radiolabel derived from soil-ap-plied [3,5-14C]amitrole. This report deals with characterization of the soluble part of this radio activity. By GC/MS of suitable derivatives 3-(l,2,4-triazol-l-yl)-2-aminopropionic acid was identi fied as a new metabolite of amitrole. Significant parts of radiolabel were incorporated into genuine plant products, indicating liberation of 14C 0 2 from the applied substance followed by reassimilation. Possible pathways of metabolism of amitrole within the system soil/apple tree are discussed.
	Reference	Z. Naturforsch. 47c, 120—125 (1992); received June 18/October 24 1991
	Published	1992
	Keywords	Herbicide, Amitrole, Metabolism, Reassimilation, Structural Elucidation
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	TEI-XML for	default:Reihe_C/47/ZNC-1992-47c-0120.pdf
	Identifier	ZNC-1992-47c-0120
	Volume	47

6	Author	Christine Gareis, Christiane Rivero, Ingolf Schuphan, Burkhard Schmidt	Requires cookie*
	Title	Plant Metabolism of Xenobiotics. Comparison of the Metabolism of 3.4-Dichloroaniline in Soybean Excised Leaves and Soybean Cell Suspension Cultures
	Abstract	Excised leaves and cell suspension cultures of soybean (Glycine m ax L.) were incubated with [UL-14C]-3,4-dichloroaniline. The compound was almost completely metabolized after 48 h in both systems; it was apparent that the major detoxification pathways present in the excised leaves were also present in the cultured cells. Besides considerable amounts of insoluble resi dues, the N-glucosyl and the N-malonyl conjugates of 3,4-dichloroaniline, and a yet unknown metabolite was formed in the excised leaves; tentatively the latter was identified with the 6'-0-malonylester of N-glucosyl-3,4-dichloroaniline. The cell suspension cultures produced predominantly the N-malonyl conjugate, besides negligible amounts of the N-glucosyl conju gate, and insoluble residues; the majority of the N-malonyl compound was excreted into the medium. It was shown, that the metabolism of 3,4-dichloroaniline in excised leaves and cell suspension cultures of soybean was directed towards different end products: the excised leaves were able to make extensive use of cell wall structures as a deposit for xenobiotic bound resi dues, resembling plants in this respect; lack of these structures in the cultured soybean cells resulted in a soluble end product, namely the N-malonyl conjugate.
	Reference	Z. Naturforsch. 47c, 823—829 (1992); received August 5 1992 3.
	Published	1992
	Keywords	4-Dichloroaniline, Metabolism, Soybean, Cell Culture, Excised Leaves
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	TEI-XML for	default:Reihe_C/47/ZNC-1992-47c-0823.pdf
	Identifier	ZNC-1992-47c-0823
	Volume	47

7	Author	Hans Harms	Requires cookie*
	Title	Uptake and Conversion of Three Different 5-Ring Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH s) in Cell Suspension Cultures of Various Chenopodiaceae-Species
	Abstract	Three 14C-labelled 5-ring PAHs, benzo(a)pyrene, dibenz(a,h)anthracene and perylene were added to various cell suspension cultures o f plants belonging to the Chenopodiaceae family. The differently configurated 5-ring systems varied in uptake and metabolism. The uptake of benzo(a)pyrene was highest in all cell cultures tested whereas the assimilation of dibenz(a,h)an-thracene and perylene was significantly less. The uptake o f benzo(a)pyrene and dibenz(a,h)-anthracene was highest in those cultures which showed the highest increase in biomass. In contrast the uptake of perylene was highest in cultures whose increase in biomass was less. Previous investigations (H. Harms, W. Dehnen and W. Mönch, Z. Naturforsch. 32 c, 3 2 1 -3 2 6 (1977)) showed that benzo(a)pyrene is metabolized to quinones and other oxygenated derivatives by Chenopodium rubrum cell cultures. It was demonstrated now that in further reactions these compounds are incorporated into insoluble fractions. With increasing time o f incubation the amount of radioactivity in the extracted residue increased. The proportion o f oxygenated derivatives formed seems to be correlated with the incorporation of radioactivity into insoluble fractions. Dibenz(a,h)anthracene turned out to be the most stable 5-ring system whereas perylene is metabolized to a certain extent but only small amounts o f radioactivity could be detected in the extracted insoluble residue. The experiments showed that plant cell cultures maintain their specific behaviour over long periods. On the other hand each o f the chemical compounds, because of its molecular size and configuration, is subject to its own specific metabolism in plant systems.
	Reference	Z. Naturforsch. 38c, 382—382 (1983); received December 30 1982/March 2 1983
	Published	1983
	Keywords	5-Ring Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Uptake, Metabolism, Plant Cell Suspension Cultures, Chenopodiaceae
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	TEI-XML for	default:Reihe_C/38/ZNC-1983-38c-0382.pdf
	Identifier	ZNC-1983-38c-0382
	Volume	38

8	Author	FranzR. Öm Er, Hans-Ulrich Bressel	Requires cookie*
	Title	Secretion and Metabolism of Ecdysteroids by Oenocyte-Fat Body Complexes (OEFC) in Adult Males of Gryllus bimaculatus D EG (Insecta)
	Abstract	Extracts of w hole adult males o f Gryllus bimaculatus show distinct maxima o f free ecdy steroids on the 8th, 12th and 14th day after imaginal moult at a breeding temperature of 25 °C. Isolated O EFC of 11 days old males secrete in vitro free as well as conjugated ecdy steroids, although the latter predominate. The bulk of free ecdysteroids seem s to consist of E and 20 E according to their retention times in two HPLC systems. Apart from the polar ones, apolar m etabolites appear during incubation. By esterase the apolar m etabolites are m ostly split into polar ones, partly into 20 E and E. Further treatment of the polar m etabolites with helicase leads again to E and 2 0 E. OEFC transform [3H]E preferably into apolar and polar conjugates, with dominance of the apolar ones at the beginning and o f polar ones in the further course o f incubation. Only a small quantity o f free 2 0 E is found during this experim ent, but it can be produced in significant quantities by splitting the polar conjugates. N o conversion o f [3H]cholesterol into [3H]ecdysteroids could be detected.
	Reference	Z. Naturforsch. 49c, 871 (1994); received February 14/August 26 1994
	Published	1994
	Keywords	Ecdysteroids, Secretion, Metabolism, Oenocyte-Fat Body Complexes, G ryllus bimaculatus
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	TEI-XML for	default:Reihe_C/49/ZNC-1994-49c-0871.pdf
	Identifier	ZNC-1994-49c-0871
	Volume	49