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1	Author	DavidJ. Deebleab, Eberhard Bothea, Heinz-Peter Schuchmanna, BarryJ. Parsonsb, GlynO. Phillips ', Clemens Von Sonntaga	Requires cookie*
	Title
	Abstract	Hydroxyl radicals were generated radiolytically in N 20 -and N 20 / 0 2(4: l)-saturated aqueous solutions o f hyaluronic acid. The hydroxyl radicals react rapidly with hyaluronic acid mainly by abstracting carbon-bound H atom s. A s a consequence o f subsequent free-radical reactions, chain breakage occurs the kinetics o f which has been followed using the pulse radio lysis technique. In the absence o f oxygen, strand breakage was followed by the change in conductivity in duced by the release o f cationic counterions condensed at the surface o f hyaluronic acid which is a polyanion consisting o f subunits o f glucuronic acid alternating with N-acetyl-glucosamine. It appears that strand breakage is not due to one single first-order process, however, the con tributions o f the different com ponents cannot be adequately resolved. At pH 7 the overall half-life is 1.4 ms, in both acid and basic solutions the rate o f free-radical induced strand breakage is accelerated (at pH 4.8, / 1/2 = 0.6 ms; at pH 10, r1/2 = 0.18 ms). In the absence o f oxygen there is no effect o f dose rate on the kinetics o f strand breakage. In the presence o f oxygen in addition to conductom etric detection, strand breakage was also followed by changes in low-angle laser light-scattering. These two techniques are com plem en tary in that in this system the conductom etry requires high doses per pulse while the light-scat tering technique is best operated in the low -dose range. In the presence o f oxygen a pro nounced dose-rate effect is observed, e.g. at pH 9.7 after a dose o f 9.4 Gy the overall half-time is approx. 0.5 s, while after a dose o f 6.6 Gy the half-time is approx. 0.23 s. Both the yield and the rate o f strand breakage increase with increasing pH, e.g. at pH 7 G(strand breaks) = 0.7 x 10"7 mol J" 1 and at pH 10.4, 4.8 x 10"7 mol J"7. The radiolytic yields o f C 0 2, H 20 2, organic hydroperoxides, 0 2'~ and oxygen consum ption have been determined in y-irradiated N 20 / 0 2(4: l)-saturated solutions o f both hyaluronic acid and ß-cyclodextrin.
	Reference	Z. Naturforsch. 45c, 1031—1043 (1990); received M ay 10 1990
	Published	1990
	Keywords	Hyaluronic Acid, Strand Breakage, Pulse R adiolysis, Hydroxyl Radical, Superoxide Radical
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	TEI-XML for	default:Reihe_C/45/ZNC-1990-45c-1031.pdf
	Identifier	ZNC-1990-45c-1031
	Volume	45

2	Author	Shailesh Phulkar, Balijepalli Sethu, M. Adhava Rao, Heinz-Peter Schuchmann, Clemens Von Sonntag	Requires cookie*
	Title	Radiolysis of Tertiary Butyl Hydroperoxide in Aqueous Solution. Reductive Cleavage by the Solvated Electron, the Hydrogen Atom, and, in Particular, the Superoxide Radical Anion
	Abstract	The reactions o f the solvated electron, the H atom, the OH radical and the superoxide radi cal anion with /-butylhydroperoxide (/-BuOOH) have been studied in aqueous solutions using y-radiolysis and pulse radiolysis to generate these radicals. The solvated electron reacts rapidly with r-BuOOH (k = 5 x 109 dm 3 m ol" 1 s~') yielding /-BuO ' and OH in a ratio o f 4:1. The yield o f r-BuO' has been determined by measuring its fragmentation product, acetone. The H atom reacts more slowly with r-BuOOH (k = 5x 107 dm 3 m o l-1 s"1). There is very little H-abstraction from the methyl and the hydroperoxyl groups (about 3%), the main reac tion again being the scission o f the hydroperoxyl function with a branching ratio /-BuO'/'OH o f about unity. The OH radical reacts with /-BuOOH considerably more slowly (k = 8 x 107 dm3 m o l" 1 s ' 1) than with /-butanol (k = 5 X 108 dm3 m o l-1 s"1) with an approximate preference o f 8:1 o f ab stracting a methyl hydrogen over a hydroperoxyl hydrogen atom. The carbon-centered radical undergoes y-cleavage (k ~ 102 s"1) thereby reforming an OH radical. The resulting chain reac tion is rather short (maximum yield G (2-methyl-1,2-epoxypropane), 26 x 10"7 mol / ' at low dose rate) due to H-abstraction at the hydroperoxyl function o f r-BuOOH by the OH radical. The superoxide radical anion also reacts with /-BuOOH by cleaving the hydroperoxyl func tion. Its reactivity is, however, rather low (k = 5 dm3 m ol" 1 s"1).
	Reference	Z. Naturforsch. 45b, 1425—1432 (1990); received May 9 1990
	Published	1990
	Keywords	/-Butyl Hydroperoxide, Solvated Electron, H Atom, Superoxide Radical, Hydroxyl Radical, Pulse R adiolysis, Chain Reaction
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	TEI-XML for	default:Reihe_B/45/ZNB-1990-45b-1425.pdf
	Identifier	ZNB-1990-45b-1425
	Volume	45