| | 62 | Author
| Bernd Renner, Ernst Gerstner | Requires cookie* | | | Title
| Dünnschichtchromatographische Isolierung von Flechtenstoffen und deren Identifizierung Identification of Lichen Substances by Isolation from Thin Layer Chromatogramms  | | | | Abstract
| The use of Eluchrom (Camag, Berlin) for quantitative isolation of liehen substances separated by thin layer chromatography is described. For this method only small quantities of a lichen thallus are needed (less than 0.5 g) to yield sufficient amounts of pure compounds submittable to chemical and spectroscopical identification. In the case of Nephroma cellulosum 0.15 g of the lichen thallus proved to be sufficient to identify 3 main compounds of lichen substances. Microhydrolysis, EI-masspectroscopy, FD-masspectroscopy and UV/VIS-spectroscopy of the isolated compounds confirm ed the presence of perlatolic acid, stenosporic acid, glomelliferic acid and zeorin. | | | |
Reference
| Z. Naturforsch. 33c, 340—345 (1978); eingegangen am 6. Dezember 1977 | | | |
Published
| 1978 | | | |
Keywords
| Nephroma cellulosum, Lichen Acids, Eluchrom, Identification | | | |
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| default:Reihe_C/33/ZNC-1978-33c-0340.pdf | | | | Identifier
| ZNC-1978-33c-0340 | | | | Volume
| 33 | |
| 63 | Author
| H. Wesch, R. Jonak, H. Nemetschek-Gansler, H. Riedl, Th Nemetschek | Requires cookie* | | | Title
| Der Einfluß von D-Penicillamin auf den Gehalt einiger Organe an Spurenelementen sowie auf die mechanischen Eigenschaften von Kollagen Trace Elements in Several Organs and Mechanical Properties of Collagen under the Influence of D-Penicillamin | | | | Abstract
| The content of trace elements in several organs of rats under the influence of D-penicillamine (D-PA) was investigated by the neutronactivation-analysis. It could be shown an diminution of Cu, and Co under D-PA-treatment, the content of Fe, Mn, Rb and Zn was not influenced. The investigat ed organs didn't show any submicroscopic alterations under D-PA. On isolated collagen fibrils of tail tendon was seen a significantly diminuition of E-moduls. In accordance with Siegel the principal effect of D-PA is thought to block the synthesis of functional groups from Schiff-base crosslink precursors but not to inhibit lysyloxidase by loss of Cu-ions of connective tissue. The thermostability of D-PA influenced fibrils is changed in stretched state only and will be due to the lack of crosslink Schiff-bases; where as the shrinking point of not stretched fibrils shows only aging dependent changes. | | | |
Reference
| Z. Naturforsch. 33c, 346 (1978); eingegangen am 17. März 1978 | | | |
Published
| 1978 | | | |
Keywords
| D-Penicillamin, Trace Elements, Electron Microscopy, Biosynthesis, Cross-Links, Mechanical Properties of Collagen | | | |
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| default:Reihe_C/33/ZNC-1978-33c-0346.pdf | | | | Identifier
| ZNC-1978-33c-0346 | | | | Volume
| 33 | |
| 64 | Author
| Jörg Pfisterer | Requires cookie* | | | Title
| Messenger Ribonucleoprotein Particles from Plant Cell Cultures | | | | Abstract
| Plant Cell Cultures, Polysomes, mRNP Particles, mRNA/poly(A) Messenger ribonucleoprotein particles were isolated from the polysomes of logarithmically growing plant cell cultures, pulse-labeled with [3H] adenosine for 30 min. More than 80% of the labeled RNP was present in particles sedimenting between 80 S and 30 S on sucrose density gradients, but was not associated with ribosomal subunits. The size distribution differs from those reported for polysomal mRNP particles to date. After fixation with glutaraldehyde the labeled RNP particles had a buoyant density of 1.38 g/cm3 in CsCl gradients. Radioactively labeled RNA extracted from the RNP particles showed a heterodisperse size distribution and contained poly (A) stretches as determined by affinity chromatography and ribonuclease digestion experiments. | | | |
Reference
| Z. Naturforsch. 33c, 359 (1978); received March 20 1978 | | | |
Published
| 1978 | | | |
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| default:Reihe_C/33/ZNC-1978-33c-0359.pdf | | | | Identifier
| ZNC-1978-33c-0359 | | | | Volume
| 33 | |
| 65 | Author
| Wolfgang Barz, Rita Schlepphorst, Peter Wilhelm, Westfalen, Karl Kratzl, Erich Tengler | Requires cookie* | | | Title
| Metabolism of Benzoic Acids and Phenols in Cell Suspension Cultures of Soybean and Mung Bean | | | | Abstract
| Uptake of benzoic and salicylic acid by soybean cell suspension cultures is diffusion-mediated and exclusively leads to glucose-esters. — Veratric acid is para-demethylated to vanillic acid which is conjugated to a monoglucoside. — Nitrobenzoic acids are scarcely taken up by cell cultures with glucose-esters as sole products. — Ring-labelled derivatives of vanillylalcohol and creosol are mainly polymerized to insoluble structures, ring cleavage reactions could not be observed. | | | |
Reference
| Z. Naturforsch. 33c, 363 (1978); received April 12 1978 | | | |
Published
| 1978 | | | |
Keywords
| Benzoic Acids, Phenols, Ring Fission, Peroxidases, Polymerisation, Plant Cell Suspension Cultures | | | |
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| default:Reihe_C/33/ZNC-1978-33c-0363.pdf | | | | Identifier
| ZNC-1978-33c-0363 | | | | Volume
| 33 | |
| 68 | Author
| H. Heithier, H.-J Galla, H. Möhwald | Requires cookie* | | | Title
| Fluorescence Spectroscopic and Thermodynamic Studies of Chlorophyll Containing Monolayers and Vesicles. Part I: Mixed Monolayers of Pheophytin A and Lecithin | | | | Abstract
| Mixed monolayers of pheophytin a and a-L-dimyristoyl lecithin (DML) are investigated on the water surface. The studies gain their special value from the simultaneous measurement of surface pressure and fluorescence intensity as a function of the covered area per molecule. A phase separation in the liquid state of the monolayer is established. Phase 1 exists almost exclusively of pheophytin molecules. Phase 2 exists essentially of D M L domains solubilizing pheo phytin in a concentration of 15 mol%. During the D M L main transition the pheophytin solubility decreases to about 2 mol%, the excess pheophytin being precipitated within the surface layer. During the pheophytin main transition an ordered structure below the surface layer is formed. A stabilizing interaction between the pheophytin domains and their environment is observed and discussed. A sharp fluorescence change at a pressure below 0.5 dyn/cm indicates another phase transition. It very probably involves an unwrapping of pheophytin from water molecules. | | | |
Reference
| Z. Naturforsch. 33c, 382 (1978); received March 15/April 3 1978 | | | |
Published
| 1978 | | | |
Keywords
| Monolayers, Chlorophyll, Energy Transfer, Fluorescence Spectroscopy, Phase Transitions | | | |
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| default:Reihe_C/33/ZNC-1978-33c-0382.pdf | | | | Identifier
| ZNC-1978-33c-0382 | | | | Volume
| 33 | |
| 69 | Author
| Wolfgang Haehnel, Adelheid Heupel, Dorothea Hengstermann | Requires cookie* | | | Title
| Investigations on a Galvanic Cell Driven by Photosynthetic Electron Transport | | | | Abstract
| A light-driven galvanic cell was constructed making use of the photosynthetic activity of isolated chloroplasts. Artificial mediators managed the transfer of electrons from the endogenous electron carriers to the platinum electrodes in each of the joined half-cells. In one the mediators were reduc ed by electrons originating from water. In the other the mediators were oxidized by photosystem I in the presence of an autoxidizable electron acceptor. The redox potential in the single half-cells has been studied as a function of the lipophilicity of the mediators and their concentration. Further more different autoxidizable acceptors and different treatments of the chloroplasts were investigated. The combined half-cells were separated by an ultrafiltration membrane. Upon illumination the system gave rise to an open circuit potential of up to 220 mV. This battery was charged with rates as high as photosynthetic electron transport rates. The results are discussed with respect to the arrangement of the cell and the properties of the components for high effectiveness and maximal potential differences. | | | |
Reference
| Z. Naturforsch. 33c, 392 (1978); received March 23 1978 | | | |
Published
| 1978 | | | |
Keywords
| Photosynthetic Electron Transport, Artificial Mediators, Galvanic Cell, Solar Energy Conversion | | | |
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| default:Reihe_C/33/ZNC-1978-33c-0392.pdf | | | | Identifier
| ZNC-1978-33c-0392 | | | | Volume
| 33 | |
| 71 | Author
| Siegrid Schoch, Wolfram Schäfer | Requires cookie* | | | Title
| Tetrahydrogeranylgeraniol, a Precursor of Phytol in the Biosynthesis of Chlorophyll a — Localization of the Double Bonds | | | | Abstract
| Pheophytins esterified with phytol and tetrahydrogeranylgeraniol are isolated from etiolated oat seedlings after short (1 min) exposure to light and a subsequent dark period of 15 to 20 min. After saponification of the pheophytins, a mixture of the alcohols was isolated. The structure of tetra hydrogeranylgeraniol was established as 3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-zl2'14 hexadecadiene-l-ol (3a). The implications for chlorophyll biosynthesis are discussed. | | | |
Reference
| Z. Naturforsch. 33c, 408—412 (1978); received March 23 1978 | | | |
Published
| 1978 | | | |
Keywords
| Birthday Avena sativa, Gramineae, Oats, Chlorophyll Biosynthesis, Phytol | | | |
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| default:Reihe_C/33/ZNC-1978-33c-0408.pdf | | | | Identifier
| ZNC-1978-33c-0408 | | | | Volume
| 33 | |
| 72 | Author
| J.J S Van Rensen, D. Wong, Govindjee | Requires cookie* | | | Title
| Characterization of the Inhibition of Photosynthetic Electron Transport in Pea Chloroplasts by the Herbicide 4,6-Dinitro- o-cresol by Comparative Studies with 3-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-l,l- dimethylurea | | | | Abstract
| An attempt to characterize the mechanism of inhibition of photosynthetic electron transport in isolated pea chloroplasts by the herbicide 4,6-dinitro-o-cresol (DNOC) by a comparison with the effects of 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (DCMU) revealed the following: | | | |
Reference
| Z. Naturforsch. 33c, 413 (1978); received April 12 1978 | | | |
Published
| 1978 | | | |
Keywords
| Photosynthesis, Electron Transport, Fluorescence, Herbicides | | | |
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| default:Reihe_C/33/ZNC-1978-33c-0413.pdf | | | | Identifier
| ZNC-1978-33c-0413 | | | | Volume
| 33 | |
| 75 | Author
| Paul Kuppert, M. Argit Büchler, Klaus-Dieter Spindler | Requires cookie* | | | Title
| Distribution and Transport of Molting Hormones in the Crayfish, Orconectes limosus | | | | Abstract
| W hen [ aH ]ecdysone is injected in intermolt crayfishes, about 60 — 70% of the total radioactivity are excreted within one hour as the unchanged hormone, but nearly no [ 3H]ecdysterone is ex creted. The remaining [ 3H]ecdysone in the body is effectively converted to [ 3H ] ecdysterone. In addition polar and apolar metabolites of both m olting hormones can be extracted in an organ specific pattern. On the basis of radioactivity per g fresh weight hypodermis and male gonads and to a lesser extent hindgut and midgut gland contain most of the injected radioactivity. It can be demonstrated from in vitro experiments using the charcoal adsorption test and equilibrium dialysis that the cytosol of target tissues is able to bind both hormones with the highest capacity for hypo dermis and male gonads. Both molting hormones do not appear to be bound to carrier proteins in the hemolymph. | | | |
Reference
| Z. Naturforsch. 33c, 437 (1978); received A p ril 24 1978 | | | |
Published
| 1978 | | | |
Keywords
| M olting Hormones, Crayfish, Ecdysteroid Tissue Distribution, Ecdysteroid Hemolymph Transport | | | |
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| default:Reihe_C/33/ZNC-1978-33c-0437.pdf | | | | Identifier
| ZNC-1978-33c-0437 | | | | Volume
| 33 | |
| 76 | Author
| G. Uhlenbruck, B. P. Chatterjee, U. Schuldes | Requires cookie* | | | Title
| Schiff Base Form ation: Dem onstrated by a Precipitin Reaction in A g a r | | | | Abstract
| High-m olecular weight polyaldehydes, which can be o b tained by periodate oxidation of glycosubstances, especially polysaccharides, do precipitate in a specific way by Schiff base formation, when diffusing in agar gel against high-m olecular weight, naturally occurring polyamines. album (m istletoe), R icinus com m unis and from the bivalve clam Tridacna m axim a (see Fig. l a) . Also the plant lectins from Ononis spinosa and Abrus precatorius do give such a precipitin reaction. This precipitation phenomenon however is abolished, when the terminal D-galactose (/?-l-6 linked) has been oxidized by sodium periodate (F ig . l b) , whereas the precipitin reaction due to Schiff base form ation does not occur with the genuine, un treated arabinogalactan (F ig . 1 a) . N egative reac tions are also seen after borohydride reduction or by blocking the carbonyl groups (o r the amino groups) by other methods [ 1 1 ] *. Oxidation o f lymphocytes from a variety of spe cies with either sodium periodate, galactose-oxidase or neuraminidase and galactose-oxidase induces blastogenic transformation [ 1 — 5 ], or lymphocyte cytotoxicity [ 6]. In addition, tumor cell killing occurs, when by the same procedures artificial con tacts are established between normal macrophages and tumor cells [ 7 ]. Although these intriguing phenomena are not yet completely elucidated, it is assumed that cross-linkages via Schiff bases play an important role [6 — 8]. The only evidence for this hypothesis is given by the fact, that sodium b oro hydride treatment abolishes the effect. It was there fore desirable, to have an in v itro model for the form ation o f Schiff bases in order to study the inter action o f different membrane glycosubstances and proteins. A s standard materials for developing a representative precipitin experiment we have first chosen periodate-treated arabinogalactan from plant origin [9 ] and polylysine as amino group donator [10]. In Fig. 1 it is demonstrated, that Schiff base fo r mation between these two components indeed can be made visible in form o f a precipitation line. In addition, b iological substances with free amino groups, like histone [ 10], lysozyme [ 10] and haem oglobin [1 1 ] react in a similar way (F ig . 1 b), while a synthetic basic polym er without any amino groups, namely polybrene [ 10], does not pre cipitate as has been found by us. On the other hand, genuine arabinogalactan precipitates with some anti-galactosyl specific lectins like the one from Viscum | | | |
Reference
| Z. Naturforsch. 33c, 442 (1978); received February 2 1978 | | | |
Published
| 1978 | | | |
Keywords
| Basic Polyam inoacids Periodate-Treatment, Arabino-galactan, Lectins, Cell Aggregation | | | |
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| default:Reihe_C/33/ZNC-1978-33c-0442_n.pdf | | | | Identifier
| ZNC-1978-33c-0442_n | | | | Volume
| 33 | |
| 77 | Author
| Läuchli, A. Sievers | Requires cookie* | | | Title
| A | | | | Abstract
| A p ril 5, 1978 X -R a y M icroanalysis, Barium and Calcium Determination, Statolith Composition, Characean C ell W a ll | | | |
Reference
| Z. Naturforsch. 33c, 444 (1978); received | | | |
Published
| 1978 | | | |
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| default:Reihe_C/33/ZNC-1978-33c-0444_n.pdf | | | | Identifier
| ZNC-1978-33c-0444_n | | | | Volume
| 33 | |
| 78 | Author
| Arindra Singh, Satyavan Sharma, R. N. Iyer, A. B. Sen | Requires cookie* | | | Title
| H | | | | Abstract
| Cestodicidal Agent, H y m e n o le p is nana 2'-Chloro-l-hydroxy-2-naphthanilide-4'-isothiocyanate (4) has been synthesized as the structural analogue of yomesan (1) and was found to be active against experimental dw arf | | | |
Reference
| Z. Naturforsch. 33c, 447 (1978); received M arch 9 1978 | | | |
Published
| 1978 | | | |
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| default:Reihe_C/33/ZNC-1978-33c-0447_n.pdf | | | | Identifier
| ZNC-1978-33c-0447_n | | | | Volume
| 33 | |
| 79 | Author
| Y., E. Solberg, Gabriele Remedios | Requires cookie* | | | Title
| Studies on the Chem istry o f Lichens, X V I I I | | | | Abstract
| Chem ical Investigation o f the Species Letharia vulpina (L .) H u e and N e w D erivatives o f V u lp in ic A c id Lichen L e th a ria v u lp in a , Vulpinic A c id Derivatives T he crystalline and amorphous constituents of Leth a ria vu lp in a collected at Flensjeen, Sor-Trondelag, N orway, have been identified as atranorin, vulpinic-, pulvinic-, usnic-, benzoic-and hydroxyfatty acids. Vulpinic acid th allate(I) and vulpinic acid isopropylether have been prepared as new derivatives. The identity of the compounds was established by consideration of elemental analyses, infrared, mass and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra, and thin layer chro m atography. In tro d u ctio n Th e study o f the lichen species Letharia vulpina (L .) Hue has been carried out by several groups o f investigators, and vulpinic acid was reported to be the principal chemical constituent. Atranorin is for the first time isolated and described from this lichen by Hesse as early as 1898 [ 1 ] . H e established that vulpinic acid was always accompanied by atranorin in Letharia vulpina. In a work by Stahl and Schorn [2 ] on T L C of, among other items, lichen sub stances, usnic acid is mentioned as a component o f lichen species. Bachelor and Cheriyan [3 ] investi gated the species and reported the occurrence of free benzoic acid. Pulvinic acid or other derivatives o f this compound have not as yet been reported from Letharia vulpina. T h e purpose o f the present work is to report the results o f a chemical re-examination o f the lichen Letharia vulpina subjected at our institute. In agree ment with existing literature atranorin, vulpinic-, usnic-and benzoic acid were found as the m ajor constituents. It is o f interest that pulvinic acid, too was found to occur in our N orw egian sample of Letharia vulpina. A n amorphous mass was isolated and established as a mixture o f high molecular hy droxyfatty acids. The 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid taurine was detected in a water extract by means o f | | | |
Reference
| Z. Naturforsch. 33c, 449 (1978); received January 23/April 3 1978 | | | |
Published
| 1978 | | | |
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| default:Reihe_C/33/ZNC-1978-33c-0449_n.pdf | | | | Identifier
| ZNC-1978-33c-0449_n | | | | Volume
| 33 | |
|
