| | 21 | Author
| Hartmut Blecher, Renate Blecher, Rudolf Müller, Franz Lingens | Requires cookie* | | | Title
| Isolierung und Charakterisierung Antipyrin-abbauender Bakterien Isolation and Characterization of Antipyrine-degrading Bacteria  | | | | Abstract
| Five different strains of bacteria ultilizing antipyrine as sole source of carbon were isolated from soil. It was shown by morphological and physiological examinations, that the new isolates are closely related to strains selected with the herbicide chloridazon. A ll of these bacteria are charac terized by special features and cannot be classified according to Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology. Part of the strains which were selected with antipyrine not only grow with antipyrine but also with chloridazon. The others cannot be grown on chloridazon. However, resting cells of the latter group convert chloridazon to its catechol derivative (5-amino-4-chloro-2 (2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) -3 (2H)-pyridazinone). In these bacteria a catechol-2,3-dioxygenase (catechol: oxygen 2,3-oxido-reductase, EC 1.13.11.2) was found which readily catalyzes the cleavage of the catechol derivative of antipyrine (2,3-dimethyl-l-(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl)-pyrazolone (5)). The enzyme shows only slight activity with the corresponding derivative of chloridazon. | | | |
Reference
| Z. Naturforsch. 33c, 120 (1978); eingegangen am 27. Oktober 1977 | | | |
Published
| 1978 | | | |
Keywords
| Antipyrine, Chloridazon, Bacterial Degradation, Catechol: Oxygen 2, 3-Oxidoreductase | | | |
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| default:Reihe_C/33/ZNC-1978-33c-0120.pdf | | | | Identifier
| ZNC-1978-33c-0120 | | | | Volume
| 33 | |
| 22 | Author
| Hermann Frank, Heinz Schwarz, Thomas Graf, Werner Schäfer | Requires cookie* | | | Title
| Properties of Mouse Leukemia Viruses X V . Electron Microscopic Studies on the Organization of Friend Leukemia Virus and Other Mammalian C-Type Viruses | | | | Abstract
| Further investigations on the structure of Friend murine leukemia virus (FLV) revealed that the transition from the "immature" (now termed "native") to the structurally less organized "mature" (now termed "collapsed") form occurs mainly as a result of the preparation for the electron microscope. A short pretreatment of virus with the detergent NP40 prior to negative staining with uranyl acetate is able to preserve the "native" structure of a high percentage of virus particles from standard preparations. Treatment with conventional fixatives was found to be in effective. Using this preparation technique, a more detailed electron microscopic analysis of the viral internal organization became possible. A thin layer designated "inner coat" was newly detected in close apposition to the viral membrane between the viral envelope and core. Removal of the unit membrane by more intensive detergent treatment suggests the existence of material extending be tween the viral surface knobs and the viral interior. The icosahedral core shell has an opening at one side and this opening matches with the hole in the apparently beehive-like arranged ribo-nucleoprotein (RNP) strand which represents the innermost structure. A comparative study of a series of representative mammalian C-type viruses with the same technique indicated a close similarity to Friend virus in fine structure, although differences in stability were observed. Based on these and earlier findings a model of the structure of mammalian C-type viruses is presented. | | | |
Reference
| Z. Naturforsch. 33c, 124 (1978); received January 9 1978 | | | |
Published
| 1978 | | | |
Keywords
| 75 Geburtstag gewidmet Ultrastructure, Mammalian C-Type Viruses, Friend Leukemia Virus | | | |
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| default:Reihe_C/33/ZNC-1978-33c-0124.pdf | | | | Identifier
| ZNC-1978-33c-0124 | | | | Volume
| 33 | |
| 23 | Author
| David Dvorak, Allan Snyder | Requires cookie* | | | Title
| The Relationship between Visual Acuity and Illumination in the Fly, Lucilia sericata | | | | Abstract
| The variation in visual acuity with illumination has been studied by monitoring the extracellular response of direction sensitive motion detecting neurons to a drifting sine wave grating displayed upon an oscilloscope spreen. Acuity reaches a maximum value of 0.46 cycles/degree at luminances above 1.0 cd/m2 and decreases gradually over a 3.8 log unit attenuation in intensity to a minimum value of 0.05 cycles/degree. The results have been compared with theoretical acuity curves for the coupound eye with various dark adaptation mechanisms. The analysis indicates that a major strategy of dark adaptation in the fly is a process involving intensity-dependent neural summation of signals from photoreceptors having different visual axes. | | | |
Reference
| Z. Naturforsch. 33c, 139 (1978); received November 9 1977 | | | |
Published
| 1978 | | | |
Keywords
| Diptera, Insect, Vision, Visual Acuity, Electrophysiology | | | |
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| default:Reihe_C/33/ZNC-1978-33c-0139.pdf | | | | Identifier
| ZNC-1978-33c-0139 | | | | Volume
| 33 | |
| 25 | Author
| JohnL. Ingham | Requires cookie* | | | Title
| Flavonoid and Isoflavonoid Compounds from Leaves of Sainfoin | | | | Abstract
| Phytoalexins The 5-deoxyisoflavones, afrormosin and formononetin have been isolated from healthy leaves of Onobrychis viciifolia. In addition to these compounds, several other flavonoid (iso-liquiritigenin; liquiritigenin; garbanzol) and isoflavonoid (medicarpin; vestitol) derivatives including the new iso-flavanone, vestitone (7,2'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavanone), are present in leaves inoculated with the fungus Helmintho-sporium carbonum. | | | |
Reference
| Z. Naturforsch. 33c, 146—148 (1978); received January 9 1978 | | | |
Published
| 1978 | | | |
Keywords
| Leguminosae, Onobrychis, Isoflavonoids, Flavonoids | | | |
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| default:Reihe_C/33/ZNC-1978-33c-0146_n.pdf | | | | Identifier
| ZNC-1978-33c-0146_n | | | | Volume
| 33 | |
| 26 | Author
| J. B. Stothers, A. Stoessl, E.W B Ward | Requires cookie* | | | Title
| | | | | Abstract
| The mechanism of the biological hydroxylation of the isopropenyl side-chain of the sesquiterpene capsidiol, to give 13-hydroxycapsidiol, has been investigated with 13C-N M R techniques, using capsidiol biogenetically enriched with 13C from [l^-^CU] acetate. The results indicate that neither an allylic rearrangement nor the formation of an epoxide intervene in the process. | | | |
Reference
| Z. Naturforsch. 33c, 149—150 (1978); eingegangen am 30. Dezember 1977 | | | |
Published
| 1978 | | | |
Keywords
| Biosynthesis, Capsidiol, 13C-NMR, Phytoalexins, Sesquiterpenes | | | |
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| default:Reihe_C/33/ZNC-1978-33c-0149_n.pdf | | | | Identifier
| ZNC-1978-33c-0149_n | | | | Volume
| 33 | |
| 28 | Author
| R. C. Hardie, P. Duelli | Requires cookie* | | | Title
| Properties of Single Cells in Posterior Lateral Eyes of Jumping Spiders | | | | Abstract
| Properties of single cells in the posterior lateral (PL) eyes of the jum ping spider Plexippus validus are described. Only one spectral class of cells was encountered and the spectra sensitivity was indistinguishable from that measured from the ERG , both peaking at ca. 535 nm. Angular sensi tivity (width of angular sensitivity function at the 50% level) averaged .89° ± .12°, the smallest value being .77°. Absolute sensitivity (reciprocal of the number of quanta of peak wavelength, on axis required to generate a 50% response) averaged 1.43 + 2 .5 X 1 0 -11 q _ 1 ,cm2,s. A ll cells studied were sensitive to the plane of polarised light. The per formance of receptors in the PL eyes is compared with that of receptors in the compound eyes of diurnal insects. It is concluded that the single lens eye system of spiders is in herently superior in design to the insect compound eye. | | | |
Reference
| Z. Naturforsch. 33c, 156—158 (1978); received November 8 1977 | | | |
Published
| 1978 | | | |
Keywords
| Jumping Spiders, Receptors, Spectral Sensitivity, Angular Sensitivity, Absolute Sensitivity | | | |
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| default:Reihe_C/33/ZNC-1978-33c-0156_n.pdf | | | | Identifier
| ZNC-1978-33c-0156_n | | | | Volume
| 33 | |
| 29 | Author
| Stephan Bamberger, Günter Valet, Friedrich Storch, Gerhard Ruhenstroth-Bauer | Requires cookie* | | | Title
| Electromagnetically Induced Fluid Streaming as a Possible Mechanism of the Biomagnetic Orien tation of Organisms | | | | Abstract
| The results show that both the direction and the intensity of the geomagnetic field can be sensed within the chamber of a Zeiss Cytopherometer. This suggests that electro magnetically induced fluid streaming might play a role in the perception of the geomagnetic field by organisms, although it is not clear at present in which organ the per ception occurs. A basic requirement for such an organ would be an anisotropy of cells or cellular structures. The nervous system with its parallel axons, or specific cells associated with the nervous system, could thus be possible locations of the sensitivity towards magnetic fields. | | | |
Reference
| Z. Naturforsch. 33c, 159—160 (1978); received November 24 1977 | | | |
Published
| 1978 | | | |
Keywords
| Electric Field, Magnetic Earth Field, Suspended Particle, Magnetic, Sensitivity, Organism | | | |
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| default:Reihe_C/33/ZNC-1978-33c-0159_n.pdf | | | | Identifier
| ZNC-1978-33c-0159_n | | | | Volume
| 33 | |
| 34 | Author
| M. K. Gbordzoe, W. Kreutz | Requires cookie* | | | Title
| Determination of the Electron Density Profile of the Nerve Myelin Membrane in Different States Taking Paracrystalline Lattice Distortions into Account | | | | Abstract
| Recent investigations point to the presence of paracrystalline lattice disorder in the nerve myelin in the swollen, fixed and to some extent also in the native state. This leads to the distortion of the ^-function of the membrane stack and the @0-function of the unit cell, which can be ex perimentally isolated through swelling. Representing the distance statistics between neighbouring membranes and the electron density distribution of the single membrane with Gaussian functions, the (^-function can be expressed analytically as a convolution polynomial of the electron density, its mirror image and the distance statistics functions. Fitting this model (^-function to the experimental ^-function obtained by the inverse Fourier transformation of the scattered intensity, one can determine the optimal parameters of the electron density distribution and the distance statistics functions. The elimination of the distance fluctuations between neighbouring membranes permits the calculation of the undistorted 0-function or the ()0-function. The Fourier Analytical Deconvolution of the undistorted £>0-function enables a unique determination of the double membrane profile, thus a unique phase determination. | | | |
Reference
| Z. Naturforsch. 33c, 184 (1978); received March 7 1978 | | | |
Published
| 1978 | | | |
Keywords
| Biomembranes, Nerve Myelin, X-Ray Diffraction, ^-Function, Electron Density Profile | | | |
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| default:Reihe_C/33/ZNC-1978-33c-0184.pdf | | | | Identifier
| ZNC-1978-33c-0184 | | | | Volume
| 33 | |
| 35 | Author
| Vera Jakubick, Henry Delincée | Requires cookie* | | | Title
| Strahleninduzierte Aggregatbildung von Proteinen: Bindung von Aminosäuren an Myoglobin Radiation-Induced Aggregation of Proteins: Binding of Amino Acids to Myoglobin | | | | Abstract
| When myoglobin is irradiated in the presence of amino acids, the most radiation-reactive species, like the aromatic and sulfur-containing amino acids, will bind preferentially to the protein. The radiation-induced binding is strongly dependent on the concentration of protein and amino acid. Subsequent to irradiation of myoglobin in the presence of radioactively labelled tryptophan followed by tryptic hydrolysis, only a single radioactive spot was detected on the fingerprint. The binding of amino acids is thus not randomly distributed over the protein molecule but occurs at specific reactive sites. | | | |
Reference
| Z. Naturforsch. 33c, 203—209 (1978); eingegangen am 23. September 1977/27. Januar 1978 | | | |
Published
| 1978 | | | |
Keywords
| Irradiation, Protein Aggregation, Myoglobin, Amino Acids, Specific Binding | | | |
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| default:Reihe_C/33/ZNC-1978-33c-0203.pdf | | | | Identifier
| ZNC-1978-33c-0203 | | | | Volume
| 33 | |
| 36 | Author
| Georg Schmetterer | Requires cookie* | | | Title
| ATP Dependent Uptake of Zinc by Human Erythrocyte Ghosts | | | | Abstract
| The energy dependence of Zn2+ accumulation by human erythrocytes was studied by preparing resealed ghosts loaded with ATP or AMP. Uptake of Zn2+ was followed by radioactivity or atomic absorption spectroscopy measurements. Zn2+ taken up is not adsorbed by the mem brane but transported into the ghosts. Ghosts containing ATP took up more Zn2+ than those con taining AMP. The effect is not specific for ATP, however, GTP and CTP showing the same in creased uptake. Zn2+ uptake by ATP ghosts can be further drastically enhanced by addition of Cu2+ . Therefore, in spite of the enhancement of Zn2+ uptake by ATP, Zn2+ seems to be accumulated by a passive mechanism even when the ghosts contain ATP. The accumulation is probably brought about by binding of Zn2+ to substances inside the ghosts. | | | |
Reference
| Z. Naturforsch. 33c, 210 (1978); received January 23/February 16 1978 | | | |
Published
| 1978 | | | |
Keywords
| Zinc Accumulation, Zinc Transport, ATP Dependent Transport, Erythrocyte Ghosts | | | |
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| default:Reihe_C/33/ZNC-1978-33c-0210.pdf | | | | Identifier
| ZNC-1978-33c-0210 | | | | Volume
| 33 | |
| 38 | Author
| R. Strasser, M. Volm | Requires cookie* | | | Title
| Untersuchungen über spezifische Einflüsse des Serums und Lebercytoplasmas auf den [3H]TTP-Einbau isolierter Leberzellkerne Studies on the Specific Effects of Serum and Cytoplasm of the Liver on the [3H]TTP-Incorporation of Isolated Liver Nuclei | | | | Abstract
| Previous authors have described that liver cytoplasm and serum from partially hepatectomized rats stimulate the DNA synthesis of isolated nuclei of liver cells. The aim of our investigation was to prove whether such stimulating effects are part of a specific regulation of growth. The sera and the cytoplasm supernatant 105 000 Xg) were isolated at several intervals after partial hepatectomy and laparotomy and were tested on isolated nuclei of liver cells from adult rats partially hepatectomized 20 hours before. The supernatants isolated at 8 and 16 hours after both partial hepatectomy and laparotomy have a significant stimulatory effect on the [3H]TTP-uptake by nuclei. The presence of serum (10%) causes a general elevation (75%) of the [3H]TTP-uptake by isolated nuclei. The sera isolated 4 to 12 hours after operation from both partially hepatectomized and laparotomized rats have an additional stimulatory effect on the [3H] TTP-uptake synthes of nuclei. In no case did the sera and liver cytoplasm of partially hepatectomized rats have a significantly different and therefore "specific" effect on the nuclear DNA synthesis. Additional experiments showed that frozen and thawed nuclei of liver cells respond only to the nutritive power but not to the stimulatory effects of the sera. Thus, thawed nuclei cannot be used for growth investigations. | | | |
Reference
| Z. Naturforsch. 33c, 219 (1978); eingegangen am 5. September 1977/25. Januar 1978 | | | |
Published
| 1978 | | | |
Keywords
| Isolated Liver Nuclei, Partial Hepatectomy, [3H] TTP-Incorporation, Serum, Cytoplasm | | | |
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| default:Reihe_C/33/ZNC-1978-33c-0219.pdf | | | | Identifier
| ZNC-1978-33c-0219 | | | | Volume
| 33 | |
| 39 | Author
| Reiner Merz, Monika Löffler, Friedhelm Schneider | Requires cookie* | | | Title
| Further Investigations on the /?-Nitrophenylphosphatase Activity of Intact Ehrlich Ascites Tumor Cells | | | | Abstract
| The substrate specificity and the effects of nucleotides and SH-blocking agents on the p-nitro-phenylphosphatase activity of intact Ehrlich ascites tumor cells (EAT) cells were studied. DL-ß-Glycerophosphate, o-phosphoethanolamine, cholinephosphate, glucose-6-phosphate, o-carboxyphenyl-phosphate,, phosphoenolpyruvate and AMP were not attacked by intact cells. ATP > GTP > UTP > PPj > pNPP were cleaved with decreasing velocity. A stimulation of the cleavage of p-NPP by the following nucleotides was observed with decreasing effectivity: ATP > ADP > GTP > UTP; AMP was ineffective. The phosphatase activity was not affected by malate, tartrate and glutathion disulfide. The SH blocking agents diamide and thimerosal were more effective in hibitors of the pNPPase than of the ATPase activity, whereas the hydrolysis of ATP is more affected by the ATP analog adenylylimidodiphosphate. The present data are best compatible with a double headed enzyme: Both active sites interact with ATP, only one is active against p-NPP and sensitive against SH-blocking agents. | | | |
Reference
| Z. Naturforsch. 33c, 227 (1978); received January 23 1978 | | | |
Published
| 1978 | | | |
Keywords
| Phosphatase Activity, Ehrlich Ascites Tumor Cells, SH Blocking Agents | | | |
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| default:Reihe_C/33/ZNC-1978-33c-0227.pdf | | | | Identifier
| ZNC-1978-33c-0227 | | | | Volume
| 33 | |
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