| | 2 | Author
| E. Ckhard, W. Ollenw Eber3, M. Arion, D. Ö. Rra, Jam Es, N. R. Oitm Anb | Requires cookie* | | | Title
| Epicuticular Flavonoids of Some Scrophulariaceae  | | | | Abstract
| * A uthor for correspondance an d rep rin t req u ests Z. N aturforsch. 55c, 5 -9 (2000); received O cto b e r 14, 1999 Scrophulariaceae, Lipophilic E xudates, F lavonoid Aglycones, Flavone Isobutyrate Twenty-two species of S cophulariaceae have been found to accum ulate flavonoid aglycones externally on their leaves and stems. They belong to the g en era A narrhinum , A ntirrhinum , Asarina, Calceolaria, Mimulus, an d Odontites. M ost of the flavonoids are m ethylated flavones and flavonols, som e with 6 -0 an d /o r 8-O -substitution. O n e o f them is the n atu ral isobutyryl ester of a rare flavone. | | | |
Reference
| Z. Naturforsch. 55c, 5 (2000) | | | |
Published
| 2000 | | | |
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| default:Reihe_C/55/ZNC-2000-55c-0005.pdf | | | | Identifier
| ZNC-2000-55c-0005 | | | | Volume
| 55 | |
| 4 | Author
| K. Avita, V. Erm, P. Rasanna, M. Ohanty | Requires cookie* | | | Title
| Changes of the Photosynthetic Apparatus in Spirulina Cyanobacterium by Sodium Stress | | | | Abstract
| * A uthor for co rresp o n d en ce and rep rin t requests Z. N aturforsch. 55c, 1 6 -2 2 (2000); received July 2/S eptem ber 10, 1999 Thylakoid M em brane, P hotosystem I and II, Spirulina, Sodium Stress, Phycobilisom es Spirulina platensis trichom es grow n in Z a rro u k s m edium having total N a+ concentration as 0.14 m w hen tran sfered to fresh Z arro u k s m edium containing enhanced level of N a+ ions equal to 0.86 m show ed 30% m ore accum ulation of N a+ intracellularly as com pared to the control. A n in hibition of photosystem II activity to alm ost 66% was observed. A lso due to this exposure to high N a+, th e room te m p e ra tu re ab sorption characteristics of Spirulina trichom es and th e thylakoid m em b ran e p rep aratio n s w ere altered indicating changes in the chrom ophore p ro tein in teractio n s and alteratio n s in the phycocyanin/allophycocyanin ratio; th ere by affecting the energy harvest and energy tran sfer processes. A n increase in the carot-enoid absorption was tw o fold over the co ntrol in the tre a ted sample. Similarly, room tem p er atu re and low te m p e ra tu re (77 K) fluorescence em ission spectra collectively suggested alte r ations in the chlorophyll a emissions, F 726 of photosystem I reflecting changes in the lipid protein en v iro n m en t of the thylakoid. O u r results indicate th a t in Spirulina the enhanced N a+ level alters th e energy h arvest and tran sfer processes. It also affected the emission ch ar acteristics of chlorophyll a of photosystem I. | | | |
Reference
| Z. Naturforsch. 55c, 16 (2000) | | | |
Published
| 2000 | | | |
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| default:Reihe_C/55/ZNC-2000-55c-0016.pdf | | | | Identifier
| ZNC-2000-55c-0016 | | | | Volume
| 55 | |
| 6 | Author
| TetsuyaM. Atsukaw, Taishi Isobe, A.Tsushi Ishihara, H. | Requires cookie* | | | Title
| Occurrence of Avenanthramides and Hydroxycinnamoyl-CoAihydroxyanthranilate iV-hydroxycinnamoyltransferase Activity in Oat Seeds | | | | Abstract
| ajim e Iw am ura D ivision of A pp lied Life Sciences, G rad u ate School of A griculture, Kyoto U niversity, Kyoto 6 06-8 5 0 2 , Japan, and C REST, Japan Science and Technology C o rp o ratio n (JST), Japan. Fax: + * A u th o r for co rresp o n d en ce and rep rin t requests | | | |
Reference
| Z. Naturforsch. 55c, 30 (2000) | | | |
Published
| 2000 | | | |
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| default:Reihe_C/55/ZNC-2000-55c-0030.pdf | | | | Identifier
| ZNC-2000-55c-0030 | | | | Volume
| 55 | |
| 8 | Author
| Z. | Requires cookie* | | | Title
| Cytotoxic Activity of Flavonoids and Extracts from Retama sphaerocarpa Boissier | | | | Abstract
| M iguel Ló pez-Lázaro 3, C arm en M artín-C o rd ero 3, Felipe C o rté sb, Joaq u ín Piñero b and Marí a Jesú s A yuso3 * a D ep artam en to de Farm acologia. Facultad de Farm acia. U niversidad de Sevilla, E spana b D ep artam en to de Biologia Celular. Facultad de Biologfa. U niversidad de Sevilla, E spana. Fax: 0034/95/4233765. Retam a sphaerocarpa, Fabaceae, Flavonoids, H u m an C ancer Cell Lines, Cytotoxicity Seven flavonoids isolated from chloroform , ethyl acetate and b u tan o l extracts, o b tained from the aerial parts of Retam a sphaerocarpa, have been assessed for cytotoxic activity against th ree hum an cancer cell lines: TK-10 (renal aden o carcin o m a), M CF-7 (b reast a d en o carcinom a) and UACC-62 (m elanom a), using the SRB assay. All of them , extracts and flavo noids, w ere actives in, at least, one of the th ree cell lines at the reco m m en d ed N ational C ancer Institute doses. They produce a d o se-d ep en d en t inhibition of cell grow th at concen trations in the 10_6-10-4 m and 2 5 -2 5 0 ng/ml range for th e flavonoids and extracts respec tively, being the flavonol rham nazin the m ost cytotoxic. | | | |
Reference
| Z. Naturforsch. 55c, 40—4 (2000); received July 2 8 /S eptem ber 27 1999 | | | |
Published
| 2000 | | | |
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| default:Reihe_C/55/ZNC-2000-55c-0040.pdf | | | | Identifier
| ZNC-2000-55c-0040 | | | | Volume
| 55 | |
| 10 | Author
| Elena Horozova, Nina Dimcheva, Zinaida Jordanova | Requires cookie* | | | Title
| Catalytic Decomposition of 3-Chloroperoxybenzoic Acid by Immobilized Catalase in a Non-Aqueous Medium | | | | Abstract
| Catalytic activities of catalase (C A T) immobilized on graphite -G M Z ™ , soot -"N O R IT " and "PM -100" to mediate decomposition of 3-C l-C 6H 4CO O O H (3-C P B A) in ace-tonitrile have been investigated. Under these conditions, the kinetic param eters K m, k, E a, ^ a x , and Zo were calculated. Conclusions on a probable mechanism of the catalytic process observed were drawn from the calculated values of A G *, AH *, and AS*. A quantitative UV-spectrophotometrical approach was used as the basic analytical tool. The electrochem ical reduction of oxygen generated in enzyme catalysed 3-C P B A decomposition was examined with polarization curves method. | | | |
Reference
| Z. Naturforsch. 55c, 55—5 (2000); received February 22/September 28 1999 | | | |
Published
| 2000 | | | |
Keywords
| Catalase, Immobilized Enzyme, Carbon Materials, Acetonitrile Medium, Catalytic Activity | | | |
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| default:Reihe_C/55/ZNC-2000-55c-0055.pdf | | | | Identifier
| ZNC-2000-55c-0055 | | | | Volume
| 55 | |
| 13 | Author
| AhmedG. Hegazi3, FatenK. Abd, El Hadyb, FayrouzA M Abd Allah3 | Requires cookie* | | | Title
| Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of European Propolis | | | | Abstract
| Propolis, GC/MS, Polyphenols, Antimicrobial Activity Three propolis samples from Austria, Germany and France were investigated by GC/MS, where eleven compounds were being new for propolis. The samples showed some similarities in their qualitative composition. Phenylethyl-Zram'-caffeate, benzyl ferulate and galangin were predominant in German propolis. Benzyl caffeate was predominant in French sample. Pino-cembrin was predominant in French and Austrian propolis and rra«s-p-coumaric acid was predominant in all samples. The antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus; Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans was evaluated. Germ an propolis showed the highest antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. While Austrian propolis has the highest activity against Candida albicans. French propolis was effective against all pathogens but less than German and Austrian propolis. | | | |
Reference
| Z. Naturforsch. 55c, 70—7 (2000); received September 17/November 10 1999 | | | |
Published
| 2000 | | | |
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| default:Reihe_C/55/ZNC-2000-55c-0070.pdf | | | | Identifier
| ZNC-2000-55c-0070 | | | | Volume
| 55 | |
| 14 | Author
| Cristina Maria, Marcucci3, Federico Ferreres3, AngelaRamalho Custódiob, MarciaM C Ferreirac, Stefanova Vassya, Cristina Bankovad, WalterAntonio García-Viguera3, Bretz6 | Requires cookie* | | | Title
| Evalution of Phenolic Compounds in Brazilian Propolis from Different Geographic Regions | | | | Abstract
| Chem om etrics has been shown quite efficient to uncover relationships between chemical composition of a sample and its geographical origin. Forty propolis samples originated from the the South and South E ast of Brazil were analyzed by H P L C and 18 compounds of interest were studied which included: caffeic, p-coum aric and ferulic acids, and some of their derivatives, pinobanksin, a derivative of kaempferol and five phenolic compounds (assigned as 3-prenyl-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (P H C A); 2,2-dim ethyl-6-carboxyethnyl-2H -l-benzopy-ran (D C B E); 3,5-diprenyl-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (D H C A); compound E (still unknown) and 6-propenoic-2,2-dim ethyl-8-prenyl-2H-l-benzopyran acid (D P B). Principal Component Analysis (P C A) indicated three different groups of propolis samples, having the same typical chrom atogram , evaluated by H PLC . Samples from the South E ast group were rich in deriva tives of kaempferol. Samples from the South group I had a high content of D P B compound, but a low concentration of kaempferol derivatives and of D C B E N compound. Samples from the South group II were characterized by a high concentration of D C B E N , D H C A , p-coum -aric and D P B compounds. Therefore, the identification of new compounds in Brazilian prop olis can give useful information about the plant sources of a given geographic region. | | | |
Reference
| Z. Naturforsch. 55c, 76—8 (2000); received August 26/Septem ber 21 1999 | | | |
Published
| 2000 | | | |
Keywords
| Propolis, High Perform ane Liquid Chromatography, Phenolic Compounds, Chemometrics, Principal Components | | | |
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| default:Reihe_C/55/ZNC-2000-55c-0076.pdf | | | | Identifier
| ZNC-2000-55c-0076 | | | | Volume
| 55 | |
| 15 | Author
| Ru Angelie, Edrada3, Victor Wrayb, Ludger Wittec, Leen Van Ofwegend, Peter Proksch3 | Requires cookie* | | | Title
| Bioactive Terpenes from the Soft Coral Heteroxenia sp. from Mindoro, Philippines | | | | Abstract
| 0 0 4 9 /9 31-8886182. E-m ail: proksch@botanik.uni-wuerzburg.de b Gesellschaft für Biotechnologische Forschung mbH, M ascheroder Weg A marine soft coral species of the genus Heteroxenia collected from Mindoro Island, Philip pines yielded two cadinene sesquiterpenes, (+)-a-m uurolene (1) and a novel derivative (+)-6 -hydroxy-a-muurolene (2), as well as the biologically active polyhydroxysterol, sarcoaldost-erol A (3). The structure of the novel compound was unambiguously established on the basis of NM R spectroscopic (! H, 13C, CO SY, ! H-detected direct and long range 13C -'H correla tions) and mass spectrom etric (E IM S) data. All compounds were active against the phytopa-thogenic fungus Cladosporium cucum erinum . The isolated terpenes were also active in the brine shrimp lethality test. | | | |
Reference
| Z. Naturforsch. 55c, 82—8 (2000); received August 1999 | | | |
Published
| 2000 | | | |
Keywords
| Corals, Heteroxenia, Cadinene Sesquiterpenes, Structure Elucidation, Bioactivity | | | |
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| default:Reihe_C/55/ZNC-2000-55c-0082.pdf | | | | Identifier
| ZNC-2000-55c-0082 | | | | Volume
| 55 | |
| 16 | Author
| Julia Serkedjieva3, Monika Konaklievab, Stefka Dimitrova-Konaklievac, Veneta Ivanova3, Kamen Stefanovb, Simeon Popovb | Requires cookie* | | | Title
| Antiinfluenza Virus Effect of Extracts from Marine Algae and Invertebrates | | | | Abstract
| Sixty products, derived from marine organisms, typical of the Bulgarian Black Sea coast, were examined for inhibitory activity on the reproduction of influenza viruses in tissue cul tures. The antiviral effect was investigated by the reduction of virus infectivity. Using repre sentative strains of influenza virus it was shown that apparently the inhibitory effect was strain-specific. The most effective products were further studied in fertile hen's eggs and in experimental influenza infection in white mice. | | | |
Reference
| Z. Naturforsch. 55c, 87—9 (2000); received July 13/September 21 1999 | | | |
Published
| 2000 | | | |
Keywords
| Marine Algae, Marine Invertebrates, Influenza Virus, Inhibition | | | |
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| default:Reihe_C/55/ZNC-2000-55c-0087.pdf | | | | Identifier
| ZNC-2000-55c-0087 | | | | Volume
| 55 | |
| 17 | Author
| Ferng-Ruey Chen, Ping-Chung Liu, Kuo-Kau Lee | Requires cookie* | | | Title
| Lethal Attribute of Serine Protease Secreted by Vibrio alginolyticus Strains in Kuruma Prawn Penaeus japonicus | | | | Abstract
| Toxicity of the extracellular products (E C P) and the lethal attribute of serine protease secreted by five pathogenic Vibrio alginolyticus strains from various sources in kuruma prawn Penaeus japonicus were studied. The E C P s of organisms originally isolated from diseased kuruma prawn or small abalone Haliotis diversicolor supertexta were more lethal (L D 50 value of 0.48 or 0.41 ^ig protein/g prawn) than those from diseased tiger prawn P. m onodon, yellow-fin porgy Acanthopagrus latus or horse m ackerel (L D 50 value of 0 .9 8 -1 .1 7 ^ig protein/g prawn). All the EC Ps manifested strong, weak and no activities against gelatin, sheep eryth rocytes and chitin, respectively. In immunodiffusion tests using rabbit antiserum to a purified 33 kDa serine protease of strain Swy against E C P of each tested strain produced one single precipitation band in each treatm ent. Furtherm ore, the serine protease was suggested to be the dominant protease secreted by V. alginolyticus strains tested since the majority of enzy matic activity of the respective E C P was inhibited by phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride (PM SF). A higher inhibition of serine protease activity by PM SF resulted in lower mortality rate of the EC Ps injected into the prawns suggesting that the protease is one of the major lethal factor(s) secreted by V alginolyticus. | | | |
Reference
| Z. Naturforsch. 55c, 94—9 (2000); received Septem ber 9/Novem ber 8 1999 | | | |
Published
| 2000 | | | |
Keywords
| Extracellular Products, Lethality, Penaeus japonicus, Serine Protease, Vibrio alginolyticus | | | |
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| default:Reihe_C/55/ZNC-2000-55c-0094.pdf | | | | Identifier
| ZNC-2000-55c-0094 | | | | Volume
| 55 | |
| 18 | Author
| KunjanR. Dave, AnshuR. Syal, SurendraS. Katyare | Requires cookie* | | | Title
| Tissue Cholinesterases. A Comparative Study of Their Kinetic Properties | | | | Abstract
| The substrate saturation and temperature-dependent kinetic properties of soluble and membrane-bound forms of acetylcholinestarase (A C h E) from brain and butyrylcholinester ase (B C h E) from heart and liver were examined. In simultaneous studies these parameters were also measured for A C h E in erythrocyte membranes and for B C h E in the serum from rat and humans. For both soluble and membrane-bound forms of the enzyme from the three tissues, two components were discernible. In the brain, K m of component I (high affinity) and component II (low affinity) was somewhat higher in membrane-bound form than that of the soluble form components, while the Vmax values were significantly higher by about five fold. In the heart, K m of component II was lower in membrane-bound form than in the soluble form, while Vmax for both the components was about four to six fold higher in the membrane-bound form. In the liver, Vmax was marginally higher for the two components of the membrane-bound enzyme; the K m only of component I was higher by a factor of 2. In the rat erythrocyte membranes three components of A C h E were present showing increasing values of K m and Vmax. In contrast, in the human erythrocyte membranes only two com po nents could be detected; the one corresponding to component II of rat erythrocyte mem branes was absent. In the rat serum two components of B C h E were present while the human serum was found to possess three components. Component I of the human serum was missing in the rat serum. Temperature kinetics studies revealed that the Arrhenius plots were bi-phasic for most of the systems except for human serum. Membrane binding of the enzyme resulted in decreased energy of activation with shift in phase transition temperature (r t) to near physiological temperature. | | | |
Reference
| Z. Naturforsch. 55c, 100 (2000); received June 16/August 24 1999 | | | |
Published
| 2000 | | | |
Keywords
| Acetylcholinesterase, Butyrylcholinesterase, Substrate Kinetics, Temperature Kinetics | | | |
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| default:Reihe_C/55/ZNC-2000-55c-0100.pdf | | | | Identifier
| ZNC-2000-55c-0100 | | | | Volume
| 55 | |
| 19 | Author
| A. Lberto Chersi, Francesca Di Modugno, Laura Rosano | Requires cookie* | | | Title
| Flexibility of Amino Acid Residues at Position Four of Nonapeptides Enhances Their Binding to Human Leucocyte Antigen (HLA) Molecules | | | | Abstract
| Human Leucocyte A ntigen (H LA), Peptide Binding, Secondary Interactions The binding affinity of synthetic nonapeptides to human leucocyte antigens (H L A) m ole cules of the A0201 allotype, the most comm on in Caucasian, is enhanced or reduced by suitable amino acid substitutions at position 4, as a result o f increased or decreased chain flexibility. A higher flexibility of the bond at this position correlates with an easier accom oda tion of the fragment into the H LA groove, while rigidity of the peptide chain appears to interfere. These data are based on two lines of evidence: a) most natural high affnity ligands for HLA-A0201 possess, at position 4, flexible residues b) substitutions o f such residues by rigid amino acids results in a decrease o f binding affinity. | | | |
Reference
| Z. Naturforsch. 55c, 109—114 (2000); received August 2/September 21 1999 | | | |
Published
| 2000 | | | |
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| default:Reihe_C/55/ZNC-2000-55c-0109.pdf | | | | Identifier
| ZNC-2000-55c-0109 | | | | Volume
| 55 | |
| 20 | Author
| Helm Ut Heinle3, Nadja Gugeler3, Roswitha Feldeb, Dagmar Okech3, G.Erhard Spitellerb | Requires cookie* | | | Title
| Oxidation of Plasmalogens Produces Highly Effective Modulators of Macrophage Function | | | | Abstract
| Plasmalogen, Plasmalogen Epoxide, a-Hydroxyaldehyde, Macrophages, Oxidative Burst M odel derivatives of plasmalogens and chemically synthesized oxidative degradation pro ducts as found e.g. during oxidation of low density lipoproteins show strong effects on phago cytosis induced secretion o f reactive oxygen species of macrophages which was measured by luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence. W hereas a plasmalogen epoxide showed enhancing effects in submicromolar range, inhibition was found with higher concentrations as well as with a-hydroxyaldehydes. The substances showed only little effects on the non-cellular ROS-dependent chem ilum inescence o f the reaction between hydrogen peroxide and opsonized zymosan and no cytotoxic effects under the assay conditions used. These results show that oxidative modification and degradation of plasmalogens occuring also under pathophysiolog ical situations in vivo produces effective modulators of macrophage function which could be important; e.g. during inflammation or atherogenesis. | | | |
Reference
| Z. Naturforsch. 55c, 115 (2000); received September 24/October 22 1999 | | | |
Published
| 2000 | | | |
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| default:Reihe_C/55/ZNC-2000-55c-0115.pdf | | | | Identifier
| ZNC-2000-55c-0115 | | | | Volume
| 55 | |
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